Oxford Revise AQA GCSE Combined Science Foundation | Chapter B15 answers

B15: Evolution

Question

Answers

Extra information

Mark

AO / Specification reference

01.1

millions

1

AO1

4.6.2.2

01.2

F

D

C

A

B

E

1 mark for one correct

2 marks for two correct

3 marks for three correct

4 marks for all correct

4

AO1

4.6.2.2

01.3

when organisms can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

1

AO1

4.6.2.2

02.1

evolved

millions

selection

survive

genes

1

1

1

1

1

AO1

4.6.2.2

02.2

Darwin

1

AO1

4.6.3.4

02.3

remains of an organism / preserved trace of an organism

from millions of years ago

1

1

AO1

4.6.3.5

02.4

any one from:

antibiotic resistant bacteria

characteristics are passed on in genes

organisms have become extinct

1

AO1

4.6.3.5

03.1

no individuals of a species found anywhere in the world

1

AO1

4.6.3.6

03.2

outbreak of a new disease – organisms of a species are all killed by microorganisms

prolonged drought – lack of water leads to organisms’ death

introduction of new competitors – lack of food causing starvation

deforestation – loss of shelter leads to death of organisms

1 mark for one correct

2 marks for two or three correct

3 marks for all correct

3

AO2

4.6.3.6

03.3

any one from:

captive breeding

gene banks

protecting habitats

1

AO3

4.6.3.6

04.1

any three from:

parts of organisms such as bones that have not decayed / preserved in amber / resin

conditions needed for decay are absent

accept appropriate examples, e.g. acidic bogs / lack of oxygen

parts of the organism are replaced by other materials as they decay / mineralised

preserved traces of organisms / footprints / burrows and rootlet traces

3

AO1

4.6.3.5

04.2

not all fossils have been found yet

not all parts of organisms become fossils

some fossils have been destroyed in the rock cycle

1

1

1

AO1

4.6.3.5

04.3

any one from:

Darwin challenged the idea that all organisms were created by God

No absolute evidence for evolution

No understanding of genes / mechanism of inheritance

1

AO1

4.6.3.1

04.4

antibiotic resistance in bacteria / other named example of evolution by natural selection / extinction

1

AO1

4.6.3.1

4.6.3.4

05.1

C

E

A

B

D

1 mark for one correct

2 marks for two correct

3 marks for three or four correct

4 marks for all correct

AO1

4.6.3.7

05.2

2006

1

AO2

4.6.3.7

Ms4a

05.3

any two from:

male and female deaths rose (steadily) between 1994 and 2006

the peak in deaths occurred in 2006

both male and female deaths have decreased after 2006

male deaths due to MRSA have been higher than in females for the period 1994–2010

2

AO3

4.6.3.7

Ms4a

05.4

any one from:

doctors should not prescribe antibiotics for minor bacterial infections / viral infections

patients should complete a course of antibiotics in full

restrict use of antibiotics in agriculture

doctors / nurses should wash hands between each patient appointment

hospitals should ensure good hygiene practices are followed

accept any other appropriate suggestions

1

AO1

4.6.3.7

06.1

organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

1

AO1

4.6.2.2

06.2

chimpanzees

1

AO2

4.6.4

06.3

variation

survive

genes

phenotype

1

1

1

1

AO1

4.6.2.2

07.1

animals

fungi

1

1

AO1

4.6.4

07.2

phylum

class

order

family

genus

1 mark for one correct

2 marks for two correct

3 marks for three or four correct

4 marks for all correct

4

AO1

4.6.4

07.3

organisms which can interbreed to form fertile offspring

1

AO1

4.6.4

08.1

changes in a species over time

1

AO1

4.6.2.2

08.2

foot print – preserved trace of an organism

ammonite – parts of the organism were replaced by minerals as they decayed

insect in amber – parts of the organism did not decay as conditions for decay were absent

2

AO2

4.6.3.5

08.3

any one from:

fossils destroyed by geological activity

some / many fossils have not been found

soft bodied organisms leave few traces / are difficult to fossilise

accept any correct reason

1

AO1

4.6.3.5

09.1

Linnaeus

1

AO1

4.6.4

09.2

Species – tigris

genus – Panthera

kingdom – animal

1 mark for one or two correct

2 marks for all correct

2

AO2

4.6.4

09.3

more powerful microscopes / DNA studies / studies of biochemical processes / detailed chemical analysis

1

AO1

4.6.4

09.4

primitive bacteria – archaea

true bacteria – bacteria

plants – eukaryota

1 mark for one or two correct

2 marks for all correct

2

AO2

10.1

no organisms of the species are alive anywhere in the world

1

AO1

4.6.4

10.2

Agilisaurus

1

AO2

4.6.4

10.3

newer specie are heavier than the organisms they evolved from

1

AO2

4.6.4

10.4

50 million years

1

AO2

4.6.4

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