Oxford Revise AQA GCSE Combined Science Foundation | Chapter B12 answers

B12: Hormonal coordination

Question

Answers

Extra information

Mark

AO / Specification reference

01.1

A – pituitary gland

B – thyroid gland

C – adrenal gland

D – pancreas

E – ovary

1

1

1

1

1

AO2

4.5.3.1

01.2

adrenal gland

1

AO1

4.5.3.1

01.3

thyroxine

1

AO1

4.5.3.1

01.4

(pituitary gland) secretes (several) hormones into the blood (in response to a stimulus)

these stimulate other glands

these glands release hormones which have the desired effect

3

AO1

4.5.3.1

02.1

contraceptive pill

progesterone implant

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.5

02.2

spermicidal agents – kill sperm

surgical sterilisation – prevents sperm entering the semen

condom – physical barrier which prevents sperm meeting an egg

oral contraceptive – prevents eggs being released from the ovary

three marks for all 4 boxes matched

two marks for 2 or 3 boxes correctly matched

one mark for 1 correct box

3

AO1

4.5.3.5

02.3

prevents STIs / spread of disease

1

AO1

4.5.3.5

03.1

any non-hormonal contraceptive, e.g.:

  • condom
  • copper IUD
  • diaphragm

1

AO1

03.2

ovary

1

AO1

03.3

oestrogen inhibits FSH

this stops the egg maturing/FSH is needed for eggs to mature

1

1

04.1

respiration

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.2

04.2

clockwise, from top box:

insulin

glycogen

fall

rise

1

1

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.2

04.3

diabetes

allow Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes

1

AO1

4.5.3.2

05.1

gland – produces and secretes hormones

target organ – organ that a particular hormone acts on

hormone – chemical released by a gland

two marks for 3 boxes matched

one mark for 1 or 2 correct matched boxes

2

AO1

4.5.3.1

05.2

blood

1

AO1

4.5.3.1

05.3

slower

longer

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.1

06.1

insulin

1

AO2

4.5.3.2

06.2

any four from:

  • chocolate bar contains sugar
  • absorbed into blood stream
  • blood glucose / sucrose levels rise
  • insulin secreted to cause glucose to be converted to glycogen
  • stored in liver

reducing blood glucose levels / sugar levels to normal

4

AO2

4.5.3.2

06.3

a constant supply of glucose is needed for respiration

to provide energy for all body process / tissue function / otherwise could pass out / die

high levels can damage blood vessels / other named condition

3

AO1

4.5.3.2

07.1

Characteristic

Male

Female

Both

fat deposited on hips

growth of underarm hair

sperm production starts

growth spurt

one mark for each correct row

4

AO1

4.5.3.4

07.2

testosterone

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

07.3

testes

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

08.1

stimulus

1

AO1

4.5.1

4.5.2.1

4.5.3.1

08.2

adrenaline

1

AO1

4.5.3.7

08.3

similarities

  • both send signals / transmit information around the body
  • both cause a change in another part of the body
  • both the endocrine system and the nervous systems receive information from sensory receptors

differences

  • electrical signals in nerves move more quickly / hormones travel more slowly
  • hormones are involved with slower, long-term change whereas nerves bring about immediate / rapid responses

hormones move in the blood whereas nerve signals pass along neurons

6

AO1

4.5.1

4.5.2.1

4.5.3.1

09.1

ovary

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

09.2

breasts develop / fat deposited on hips / ovaries start to release eggs

do not allow growth spurt / growth of underarm or pubic hair

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

09.3

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) – causes an egg to mature in the ovary

luteinising hormone (LH) – causes egg to be released from the ovary

progesterone – maintains the lining of the uterus

for all three correct answers award 2 marks, for one correct award 1 mark

2

AO1

4.5.3.4

09.4

IUD

1

AO2

4.5.3.5

09.5

any two from:

  • does not offer protection against STIs
  • possible health risks with use of hormones
  • some religious beliefs do not allow the use of contraception

may prefer abstinence until they want to try to get pregnant

accept any other appropriate suggestions

2

AO3

4.5.3.5

10.1

pancreas does not produce enough insulin

condition usually identified during childhood

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.2

10.2

obesity

1

AO1

4.5.3.2

10.3

insulin

fall

carbohydrate

more

1

1

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.2

11.1

LH

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

11.2

oestrogen

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

11.3

a rise in oestrogen causes the lining to thicken / develop

rise in progesterone causes thickness to be retained

a decrease in progesterone causes lining to be shed / lost

1

1

1

AO1

4.5.3.4

11.4

remains high

so the lining would not be shed

1

1

AO3

4.5.3.4

11.5

any named hormonal contraceptive e.g.:

  • contraceptive pill
  • implant

hormonal IUD/coil

1

AO1

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